What is defined as a comparison of two dissimilar things that shows a similarity through analogy?

The concept being defined here is an analogy, which is a comparison between two different things that highlights a similarity in their functions or characteristics. Analogies are often used to explain complex ideas by relating them to something more familiar to the audience. For instance, saying that "the brain is like a computer" illustrates how complex functions can be simplified into familiar terms, creating a bridge of understanding.

While a metaphor refers specifically to describing one thing as if it were another to convey a particular idea or quality, it does not inherently emphasize the structured comparison of two distinct elements like an analogy does. A hypothesis, on the other hand, is a proposed explanation based on limited evidence that serves as a starting point for further investigation, and it doesn't involve comparison as a central aspect. A theorem represents a statement that has been proven based on previously established statements or principles; it is primarily a conclusion in mathematics or logic rather than a method of comparison. Thus, the definition fits perfectly with analogy, which captures the essence of comparing dissimilar items to reveal similarities.